The United States Criminal Justice System - 1848 Words

The United States’ criminal justice system has been under scrutiny by countries of equal standing for good reason, what this country is doing, in an attempt to eliminate crime, is not working. Currently, in the United States, we are living in an era of â€Å"mass incarceration.† Almost 1% of men in this country and .1% of women are incarcerated (Phelps). With an incarceration rate of roughly 693/100,000 The U.S. stands far behind it’s NATO counterparts with the next highest rate of incarceration, in the United Kingdom, at roughly 145/100,000 (Wagner et al.). These high incarceration rates are reason for concern, and many researchers have begun to suggest solutions to this dilemma. In order to begin to solve this problem, we need to further†¦show more content†¦Tittle goes on to suggest different definitions, equating rehabilitation to law abiding behavior and stating that lower recidivism rates can be seen as proof of successful rehabilitation (Tittle, 3 86). Over 95% over our current prison population will be released back into society (James). While all four goals of our criminal justice system are important, it seems as though rehabilitating our former prisoners to better assimilate back into a law-abiding society should be our biggest priority. This â€Å"war on drugs,† initiated by Nixon, has been embraced by all presidents since and focuses on goals of incapacitation, retribution, and deterrence. In the 1970’s, more money was allocated to criminal justice, more strict laws were passed, more prisons were built, and more arrests were made. All of which pertaining to drug law enforcement (Anon, 2016). The implementation of the â€Å"war on drugs†, also brought about mandatory minimum sentences. These sentences invoke a specific minimum amount of time required to be served for each crime of which the defendant is convicted. This practice takes discretion away from judges and shifts responsibility to the prosecutors to decide with what to charge the defendant (Anon, 2016). These mandatory minimums also do not allow for the whole picture of the crime to be considered when deciding a verdict. The idea ofShow MoreRelatedThe United States And The Criminal Justice System Essay1662 Words   |  7 PagesThe Unit ed States considers itself to be the best country in the world. This sense of nationalism is present because of the country’s history of opportunities and their emphasis on the power of their people. Safety is a crucial aspect that peopleconsider when choosing where to live. The United States provides their citizenswith national safety throughthe enforcement of their criminal justice system.As a result of their intentions of maintaining a secure living environment, the United States has theRead MoreCriminal Justice System Of The United States1722 Words   |  7 Pages  Criminal justice is the system of practices and institutions of governments directed at upholding social control, deterring and mitigating crime, or sanctioning those who violate laws with criminal penalties and rehabilitation efforts. Those accused of crime have protections against abuse of investigatory and prosecution powers. Goals In the United States, criminal justice policy has been guided by the 1967 President s Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice, which issuedRead MoreThe United States Criminal Justice System Essay1132 Words   |  5 Pagespunished for a crime. The film focuses on racism in the United States’ criminal justice system. According to DuVernay, the part of the 13th Amendment that says â€Å"unless you are being punished for a crime† is a loophole that has been used to allow slavery to continue in the early days during reconstruction and even now. This loophole coupled with the criminalization of the black man has led to mass incarceration of minorities. The United States which has only five percent of the world’s population butRead MoreThe Criminal Justice Systems And The United States1169 Words   |  5 PagesThe criminal justice systems in Bolivia and the United States have different structures with some similarities. I was born in La Paz Boliv ia and we will be taking a look into Bolivia and the U.S’s governmental and criminal justice systems. Bolivia is a republic with a democratic government. The U.S. also has a democratic government. The Napoleonic code (civil code) and Spanish law compose Bolivia’s legal system, whereas the US is based on common law. The U.S. and Bolivia may have their similaritiesRead MoreThe United States Criminal Justice System1670 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States Criminal Justice System is an extremely complex, but yet extremely important part of the United States. The criminal justice system is defined as â€Å"the set of agencies and processes established by governments to control crime and impose penalties on those who violate laws). Although there are many different groups of people that make up the criminal justice system, the two main and most discussed the state division or the federal division. The state division of the criminal justiceRead MoreCriminal Justice System And The United States2244 Words   |  9 PagesAbstract The United States has the highest incarceration rate in the world. Many failed policies have led us to the issues we have today. Policies such as America’s â€Å"get tough on crime† failed us and put us into a bigger hole than we already were in. Our criminal justice system needs to be evaluated and failed policies and procedures must be thrown out. It is a time for a reform for our criminal justice system. However, we must first address these policies and procedures that led us to where weRead MoreThe United States Criminal Justice System2824 Words   |  12 PagesThe United States criminal justice system is essential to the functioning of American society. A central component to the criminal justice system in our country is the U.S. courts. The U.S. courts uphold those rights guaranteed to U.S. citizens under the Constitution while also enforcing the laws and precedents set forth by the United States government. Over the course of the last several months I have b een given the opportunity to sit in and observe the workings and proceedings that take placeRead MoreThe United States Criminal Justice System1827 Words   |  8 Pages The United States criminal justice system has failed to rehabilitate criminals. Even after being penalized for their crimes, prisoners continue to commit crimes without learning that what they did was wrong from being incarcerated and are sent back to prison. Jails are set up to aid those imprisoned by helping them obtain skills that will hopefully reduce future incidences and allow them to act like the citizens they should be. However, punishing criminals is not as productive as many thinkRead MoreThe United States The Criminal Justice System856 Words   |  4 Pages In the United States the criminal justice system does not always create policies that affect everyone equally. There are many policies that seem to target a specific group of people, whether this is intentional or not is beside the point. Th e important thing is to change the criminal justice system in order to stop race disparities. Marc Mauer in his lecture speaks of the reason for the disparity between races when it comes to the incarceration rate, as well as steps that can be taken in orderRead MoreThe United States Criminal Justice System Essay1463 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States criminal justice system can be described as flawed in many ways. Some of these flaws have a larger impact on the people of this country than others. Two of the largest problems we have currently revolve around the issues of wrongful convictions and prosecutorial misconduct. The whole criminal justice system revolves around making sure people follow the laws put in place, and if they do not punish them for their wrongdoing. This system is also about affording the same rights to every

How Technology Can Assist or Hinder Information Management...

How Technology can Assist or Hinder Information Management Practices in an Organization Having advanced technology nowadays can be both of assistance and a nuisance when it comes to handling Information in the workplace. Some examples of assistance are: †¢ Fast access: with the computer systems and technology provided to organizations in the present day, waiting days, weeks or even months is a thing of the past. You can send, receive, look up, browse, edit, create and delete information with just the click of a mouse. This is highly useful in fast past environments such as client service centers or call centers where staff are required to quickly and efficiently look up or create a client or customers file to edit, browse or confirm†¦show more content†¦It is easy to send the wrong file when clicking away and easy to send something to the wrong person. †¢ Too much information: this applies especially when searching on the internet. When using a search engine such as Google, you have thousands and thousands of possible results returned to you in seconds, which can be extremely difficult to decipher – especially when you are not too sure what it Is that you are looking for in the firstShow MoreRelatedThe Challenges, Solutions, Models, Tools And Tools1080 Words   |  5 Pagesand an example in Distributed Software Development (DSD). The objective is to collect and systematize reported knowledge in terms of what are the difficulties in managing DSD projects, what are the best practices to overcome these difficulties, and how existing models and tools support these practices. The DSD is a phenomenon with considerable interest from companies all over the world where the stakeholders from different national and organizational cultures are involved in developing software. AsRead MoreGeneral Dynamics Information Technology ( Gdit )1580 Words   |  7 Pagesgovernment for more than 50 years. As information technology (IT) has transformed the way the U.S. military fights and wins wars and so too has General Dynamics by becoming one of top five market leaders in U.S. to provide mission critical information systems and technologies. (General Dynamics History) General Dynamics Information Technology (GDIT) has become the largest and fastest growing segment in General Dynamics. GDIT provides information technology (IT) systems engineering, professionalRead MoreAspects of Human Resource Management1048 Words   |  5 PagesAspects of Human Resource Management The main focus of Human Resource Management is personnel and how they can be best utilized to accomplish the mission of the organization based on several aspects of the department. These aspects are Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action, Human Resource Planning, Execution and Selection, Human Resources Development, Compensation and Benefits, Safety and Health, and Employee and Labor Relations. Each area serves a dual purpose of helping the employer provideRead MoreManaging Risks Of Managing Risk Management1710 Words   |  7 Pagesthe success of a company depends on the risk management skills of the team and leaders. How well risk management in business is handled will decide whether the mission of the company will be carried out and it is primary to security. This study will look at issues that are affected by risk management and draw conclusion on how they should be used in order for a company to reach optimal success. In order to for risk management to be effective information security is a major issue that will be vitalRead MoreTechnology Solutions for Human Services1283 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology Solutions for Human Services Jane Doe BSHS/352 November 28, 2011 Instructor Technology Solutions for Human Services Technology has advanced considerably in recent years. As with other areas, technological advancements are crucial to human service organizations. Technology makes it possible for human service workers to provide better service. Human services utilize numerous tools, practices, and procedures in the advancement of individuals. Technological solutions have becomeRead MoreDeutsche Allgemeinversicherung Case1567 Words   |  7 Pages(DAV) is one of the world’s largest insurance companies. The success of the company has been contributed to its product offerings and â€Å"an excellent group of insurance managers† (case page 2). The company provides superior â€Å"traditional insurance management† and excellent customer service. However, the company began to face stiff competition not only from larger competitors but also from smaller insurance firms that are able to provide customized service to each individual client. To keep its currentRead MoreThe Banking Indus try And Wells Fargo1703 Words   |  7 Pagesmust use analytics to better understand market segments to allow them to correctly identity which markets to enter. 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IncludeRead MoreEssay On Knowledge Sharing1479 Words   |  6 Pagescrucial component for increase the competitive edge of an organization. Jasimuddin et al. (2006) finding is based on W. M. Cohen and Levinthal (1990) who demonstrate that knowledge sharing is crucial factor for any organization in order to response change and innovativeness. The social capital theory suggests through the social interaction with others and social connection between the employees both the tangible and intangible recourses can be obtained at individual, team and organizational levelRead MoreIt Governance And Management Organizations Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesIT Governance and Management CH15 Several organizations spun off portions of their IT groups to create e-commerce departments intended to support the organization s undertakings during the Internet frenzy from 1999 to 2001. 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Literature Review of Selection Methods Free Essays

Application forms Application forms are one of the most common selection and assessment methods in practice, used almost as much as the CV; most particularly in the public and voluntary sectors (Zibarras and Woods, 2010). Shackleton and Newell (1994) found that out of seventy-three British organisations they surveyed, 93. 2% of them used application forms. We will write a custom essay sample on Literature Review of Selection Methods or any similar topic only for you Order Now Zibarras and Woods (2010) found in a survey they conducted that the use of application forms by organisations were highest in either micro-organisations or very large organisations. The possible reasons for this could be that a very large organisation may receive a lot of applications therefore application forms may be used as a tool to refine the best applicants. In micro organisations the use of an application form could be to find out specific information about an applicant or to see whether they could cope working within such a small organisation. Another point that Zibarras and Woods (2010) recognize is that application forms along with structured interviews can be defined as standardized selection methods. This could be interpreted as having a higher validity as in an application form an organisation can identify what they want to know about the applicant and then base the questions or the relevant information that is required, and add these into the application form. They also identify that application forms are more ‘legally defensible’. Application forms could be considered more formal, there are guidelines and everything is easy to monitor and pitted against a selection method such as a CV where the applicant has freedom to include what they want the employers to know. Management exercises Management or group exercises are an assessment method typically used within an assessment center. Blume, Dreher and Baldwin (2010) found that management and group exercises were able to assess the critical thinking and the oral communication of an applicant. However, they also found that these exercises like many other of the assessment center tasks involve high communication from the applicant and therefore may be deemed as stressful to some candidates. They go on to identify the importance of show off other skills like organisation and planning when effective oral communication is being assessed. Sackett and Dreher (1982) that when doing any group exercise at an assessment centre the most common skills that are presented through the exercise are leadership, initiative, planning and organisation, problem analysis and decision making, with scores ranging from . 67 and to . 79, the highest with either leadership or initiative. Also from this study, some key behaviours for a manager to possess are not tested very well using this assessment method, these include responsiveness; only scoring . 46, sensitivity; scoring . 47 and stress tolerance; with a score of . 54. Blume, B. D, Dreher, G. F and Baldwin, T. T. (2010). Examining the effects of communication and apprehension within assessment centres. Journal of Occupational and Organisational Psychology (2010), 83, 663-671. The British Psychological Society. Sackett, P. R and Dreher. G. F. (1982). Constructs and Assessment Center Dimensions: Some Troubling Empirical Findings. Journal of Applied Psychology 1982, Vol. 67, No. 4, 401-410. Shackleton, V, Newell, S. (1994). European management selection methods: A comparison of five countries. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 2(2), 91-102 Zibarras, L. D and Woods, S. A (2010). A survey of UK selection practices across different organisztion sizes and industry sectors. Journal of Occupational and Organisational Psychology 2010, 83, 499-511. The British Psychological Society How to cite Literature Review of Selection Methods, Essay examples

Analysis of Jarred Diamonds Collapse free essay sample

With Jarred Diamonds book â€Å"Collapse† in focus for this report, written for the course â€Å"Intercultural Competence and Cross-Cultural Research†, his theories on why civilizations perish are discussed and compared to other facts that contradict stated in the book. Hypothesis Is the Diamond theory always proven in different cases of perished societies and can it be applied on future outcomes? Method The focus of our sources has been from the book, Collapse, by the author Jared Diamond. Other sources have been from the internet to find different point of views than those of Diamond.Emma Hamilton has covered the first part, Past, Attila Bodor has written about Chinas present and future and Maria Shishmanova has written about the neighboring countries Haiti and the Dominican Republic. All three have written the final summary and conclusion. Background The Diamond Hypothesis Jared Diamond was born in 1937 and is an American scientist and author. He has a history in ecology, ornithology, pysology, biophysics, geography and his popular science books are known to be a mix of these sources he has studied. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Jarred Diamonds Collapse or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Diamond wrote the book â€Å"Collapse- How societies choose to fail or succeed† in 2005 and is in the book focusing more on the ecological facts on why societies have fallen instead of the more typical historical and cultural reasons to explain failure. (Wikipedia, 2010) By the word collapse, Diamond means a drastic decrease in population size or drastic changes in the complexity of the society politics or economic situation or social structure. This is also defined to be over a larger area and during an extended period of time.This is to be differed from minor power shifts such a small rises or falls, usually connected to a neighbors linked and opposite fall or rise, and smaller reformations of for example the social or political structure. (Diamond, 2005) The Diamond Hypothesis works with a five point framework, buy explaining 5 different reasons why society falls: 1. Environmental damage explained by fragility, how vulnerability the area is to damage and of resilience, t he potential for the area to recover from damage. These are both considered, by both human impact or by natural occurrence. . Climate change, only dealing with natural changes, which could make it either better or worse for the society. 3. Hostile neighbors, how well the society could can hold off enemies, when the community was weakened, either by health or society changes, it could be hard to fight off enemies 4. Friendly trade partners, neighbors who supported each other and less support from friendly neighbors could lead to a dramatic change and disaster. 5. The society’s response to the four explained threats, both environmental and other problems.A society’s response depends on its political, economic and social institutions and on its cultural values. But response to what was going on is very important for survival of the civilization. Diamond focuses strongly on the fifth theory, stating that a civilization â€Å"chooses† to survive or perish by dealing with the situation they are in. (Diamond, 2005) Results Past The Mayan Society The Mayan remains are popular tourist attractions and attractive archeology sites, not just because of their mystery and beauty but also because these findings are pure archeological sites, left intact with no other city built on top of the remains.The Mayan civilization was located in Mexico, Yucatan Peninsula and Central America. (Diamond, 2005) The area has two different seasons, with a seasonal rainforest and a seasonal dry period, sometimes more similar to a seasonal desert. The rain season lasts from May until October but the rainfall, as today, varied a lot over years. The southern part of the peninsula got more rain and this was one of the reasons why it was more productive agriculturally and supported a larger population. The farmers faced crop failure from many natural disasters, such as drought and hurricanes.Even today the farmers have many agricultural problems in the area and the Mayans are considered to be more skilled. Even though the south gets more rainfall there is water issues there as well. The lens of freshwater lies under the peninsula and surface elevation is higher in the north which means that the land surface is higher in the south, to high above the water table. In the north, the water was supplied by digged water wells or which could be up to 75feet deep. In the south, the water was too hard to reach because of the surface elevation.The civilizations build are although not found next to rivers, but on promontories in rolling uplands. They digged and plugged up leaks by plastering the foundation and in that way collected rain to spare for dry season. For example, the city of Tinkal, had a water reserve that would last for 18 months supplying 10  000 people. In Coba, they built dikes round a lake to raise the water level. These reserves could supply the inhabitants with water but could not help the fact that grains needed rain water that was more than the reservoirs could offer. Diamond, 2005) Corn was 70% of and the basis of the Mayan diet, other domestic animals was dog, turkey and Muscovy duck. Other meat sources were wild meat and fish. There was low meat available and t was really only luxury food for the elite. The agriculture technique was long thought to be a slash and burn technique, but later scientists have realized that the Mayans must have used something else because the production was larger than what slash and burn methods could supply. Methods they were using was for example terracing hill slopes to maintain moist soil, arranging water channels and draining or raising fields.As is many societies the Mayan agriculture system could be split in two, those who produce and those who don’t but the Mayan only produced twice their own families’ needs. Food sources where limited as corn has little protein and there was a limitation of other crops. Not being able to store, because of the humid climate was also a problem; corn could only be kept for 1 year. All work done in the Mayan society was done by human power, because there was no animal big or strong enough to do the job. This did not only affect the agriculture sector, but also the military campaigns and transport sector.For example, to transport food, the person walking would eat more than he could transport. This is also believed to be one of the reasons the Mayans where not unified to a greater community but stayed in smaller kingdoms. (Diamond, 2005) The archeological sites were rediscovered in 1839 by John Stephens and Frederick Catherwood, who had heard rumors of ruins hidden in the area. They ended up finding 44 different locations of Mayan ruin towns. One thing surprising them was that the remains they found were from a high civilization and not just primitive leavings that they expected to find. Diamond, 2005) Typical for the Mesoamerica region the Mayans had a Native American culture and a very well developed society. Pottery was important and the Mayans are also famous for their writings. But all preserved ancient writings are about kings and nobles, nothing about the commoners. The scripts were written on bark paper coated in plaster. The Mayans hade many writings but there is only 4 surviving manuscripts, one of them being the well-known Long Count Calendar, since the Spanish Bishop Diego de Landa ordered all of them to be burned to eliminate paganism.